{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "id": "afc9e9ba", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2024-10-11T06:14:18.342001Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2024-10-11T06:14:18.341665Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2024-10-11T06:14:18.347181Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2024-10-11T06:14:18.346403Z" }, "nbsphinx": "hidden" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# Copyright 2024 Keysight Technologies Inc." ] }, { "cell_type": "raw", "id": "8ad9b6a8", "metadata": { "raw_mimetype": "text/restructuredtext" }, "source": [ "Dynamical decoupling\n", "====================\n", "\n", "Dynamical decoupling is a simple error suppression strategy in quantum computing\n", "systems in which a series of pulses with certain intervals are applied to the qubits\n", "to effectively \"decouple\" them from their environment, thus improving decoherence\n", "times.\n", "\n", "The type of interaction with the environment typically determines what kind of\n", "decoupling sequence will work best, for example, if the qubits are coupled to their\n", "environment through a purely dephasing interaction, a single-axis pulse sequence is\n", "effective in mitigating that interaction. If there are other terms in the interaction,\n", "multi-axis pulse sequences tend to perform better.\n", "\n", "|QCS| offers a series of commonly used decoupling sequences that can be defined\n", "through the total sequence length, number of pulses and/or the pulse interval. We\n", "provide the :py:class:`~keysight.qcs.experiments.DynamicalDecouplingExperiment` class\n", "as an easy entrance point for testing out the sequences. The typical use case for\n", "those sequences is to integrate them into a longer program (whenever certain qubits\n", "are idle for a longer period of time), which we demonstrate at the end of this guide." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "id": "05e68d64", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2024-10-11T06:14:18.350412Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2024-10-11T06:14:18.350116Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2024-10-11T06:14:21.432489Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2024-10-11T06:14:21.431428Z" } }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import keysight.qcs as qcs" ] }, { "cell_type": "raw", "id": "5a96cd17", "metadata": { "lines_to_next_cell": 0, "raw_mimetype": "text/restructuredtext" }, "source": [ "We start by initializing a qubit and defining an empty channel mapper to create a new\n", "instance of the :py:class:`~keysight.qcs.experiments.DynamicalDecouplingExperiment`\n", "class. We load a pre-defined :py:class:`~keysight.qcs.programs.CalibrationSet` that\n", "contains a configuration for up to 10 qubits and linkers for the ``X`` and ``Y``\n", "gates." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "id": "8d492805", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2024-10-11T06:14:21.436729Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2024-10-11T06:14:21.436042Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2024-10-11T06:14:22.556339Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2024-10-11T06:14:22.555600Z" } }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/html": [ "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", "
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" ] }, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "display_data" } ], "source": [ "from keysight.qcs.experiments import (\n", " DynamicalDecouplingExperiment,\n", " make_calibration_set,\n", ")\n", "\n", "from keysight.qcs.quantum import make_decoupling_sequence, SequenceType\n", "\n", "n_qubits = 1\n", "qubits = qcs.Qudits(range(n_qubits))\n", "\n", "# generate an empty channel mapper\n", "mapper = qcs.ChannelMapper(\"ip_addr\")\n", "\n", "# create a default calibration set for n_qubits\n", "calibration_set = make_calibration_set(n_qubits)\n", "\n", "# in its simplest form, this class generates a constant decoupling sequence with two\n", "# pulses\n", "dd_experiment = DynamicalDecouplingExperiment(\n", " mapper,\n", " calibration_set,\n", " qubits,\n", " total_duration=200e-9,\n", ")\n", "\n", "dd_experiment.program.draw()\n", "dd_experiment.compiled_program.render()" ] }, { "cell_type": "raw", "id": "1ef8df6d", "metadata": { "raw_mimetype": "text/restructuredtext" }, "source": [ "This creates a program that contains two ``X`` pulses and has a total duration of\n", "200 ns. The finite pulse width is not taken into account by default, but can be\n", "added by specifying the ``pulse_duration`` argument, which will adjust the pulse\n", "interval accordingly.\n", "\n", "To customize the sequence, users can specify the following arguments:\n", "\n", " * ``total_duration`` to set the total sequence duration\n", "\n", " * ``number_of_pulses`` to set the number of pulses\n", "\n", " * ``pulse_interval`` to specify the time between pulses\n", "\n", " * ``sequence_type`` to specify which decoupling sequence should be used\n", "\n", "Note that not all arguments are compatible with each other, e.g. specifying all three\n", "parameters for total duration, pulse number and pulse interval will result in an\n", "error.\n", "\n", "Available dynamical decoupling sequences\n", "----------------------------------------\n", "The :py:class:`~keysight.qcs.experiments.DynamicalDecouplingExperiment` supports the\n", "following sequence types:\n", "\n", " * ``\"DD\"``: constant dynamical decoupling, implemented via the\n", " :py:meth:`~keysight.qcs.quantum.constant_decoupling_sequence`\n", " function,\n", "\n", " * ``\"CPMG\"``: the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequence, implemented via the\n", " :py:meth:`~keysight.qcs.quantum.cpmg_sequence` function,\n", "\n", " * ``\"UHRIG\"``: the Uhrig (or quadratic) sequence, implemented via the\n", " :py:meth:`~keysight.qcs.quantum.uhrig_sequence`\n", " function,\n", "\n", " * ``\"XY4\"``: the XY4 sequence, implemented via the\n", " :py:meth:`~keysight.qcs.quantum.xy4_sequence`\n", " function, and\n", "\n", " * ``\"CDD\"``: a concatenated decoupling sequence, implemented via the\n", " :py:meth:`~keysight.qcs.quantum.concatenated_decoupling_sequence`\n", " function that uses the XY4 sequence as a base sequence. Other base sequences\n", " can be specified when using this function directly.\n", "\n", "These strings can be passed to the decoupling experiment to use other sequences.\n", "For example, the following creates a Uhrig decoupling sequence with 10 pulses:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 4, "id": "97deefad", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2024-10-11T06:14:22.594618Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2024-10-11T06:14:22.594161Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2024-10-11T06:14:22.724563Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2024-10-11T06:14:22.723854Z" }, "lines_to_next_cell": 2 }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/html": [ "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", "
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